Chapter 4: Safari Continent

Read the passage. Then answer questions about the passage below.

  Proyecto Salón Hogar

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Ashanti people wear clothing made of Kente cloth for important events. There are also the Madinka people. They live in West Africa - mostly in Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. Some Madinka people also live in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Cote d'Ivoire. The Madinka people are famous for their music. They tell their history with music.    Most scientists think that the first humans came from Africa. The first written information in Africa comes from Egypt at around 3300 B.C.E. (B.C.E. means Before the Common Era., or before the year “0”). Egypt is one of the oldest African civilizations.    At that time, Egypt traded with Phoenicia, which is now Lebanon, and includes parts of Israel, Palestine, and Syria. Egypt was discovered by the ancient Greeks, who were the first Europeans to go to Africa. In the late 1800s, European countries went to Africa.    France, Britain, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Algeria made colonies in Africa. That means they controlled the governments there. The European powers took land by force. This enabled them to send many raw materials home to their countries.      Raw materials are resources that are basic, and have not been made into anything else. Many African countries became free after World War II. Some countries became free in a peaceful way. Some countries had to fight to be free. The time after colonial rule is commonly referred to as “post–colonial Africa.”    Post–colonial Africa has had some very big problems. After the colonial powers left, there were problems with government. Between 1960 and 1980, there were 70 coups. (pronounced “koo”) A coup is the overthrow of a government.    There were 13 presidential assassinations. That means 13 African presidents were murdered. In the 1970s, there was a huge famine in Ethiopia. A famine is a time of little or no food. Hundreds of thousands of people died of starvation, which means they died of hunger.     There have been wars. There has been a big conflict in Dafur, Sudan, and many people have died. And the AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) disease has caused much sickness and death in post–colonial Africa. Africa has many natural resources. There are eight oil exporting countries in Sub–Saharan Africa.    They are Nigeria, Angola, Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and Sudan. Africa has about 7% of the oil reserves in the world. South Africa is the largest gold producer in the world.

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Ghana, Mali, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Rwanda and the DRC also have a lot of gold. The DRC has copper and cobalt. The DRC produces 22% of world’s diamonds every year. Botswana, Sierra Leone, and South Africa also have a lot of diamonds. Mozambique, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, and Liberia all have a lot of timber, which is wood. The business in gas, oil diamonds, timber and tourism is very good.      People visit Africa because the landscape is beautiful and there are many animals in Africa. Many tourists visit Kruger National Park in South Africa. The park has 517 species of birds! The park also has 147 species of mammals!    The park even has webcams so people can watch the animals using their computer. Some tourists go on safari in Africa. The word “safari” is a Swahili word. It comes from the Arabic word safiara, which means travel. It is a trip where people can watch and take pictures of animals. Sometimes it is a hunting trip.            Most modern safaris are trips to look at animals. Some safari trips are in cars or trucks, helicopters or air balloons. This way, people can watch the animals from a safe place.     Soccer is the most popular sport in Africa. The Confederation of African Football (CAF) is the organization in charge of soccer. The first members of the organization were Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, and South Africa.    The CAF is the biggest of the six continental soccer associations around the globe, and the African Cup of Nations is the main contest for men’s national soccer teams in Africa.    The continent of Africa is rich with resources, people and culture. Unfortunately, this has contributed to its chaotic history. Africa is currently working on increasing education and jobs. Many organizations are working together to build schools, hospitals, and industry to improve the future of the African nation.

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	Questions    1) How many large language groups are there in Africa?      __ A. 4      __ B. 8      __ C. 25      __ D. 2,50      __ E. 2,500   2) Where does Kente cloth come from?      __ A. Mali      __ B. Ghana      __ C. Gambia      __ D. Senegal      __ E. Nigeria   3) Which country had colonies in Africa?      __ A. Germany      __ B. France      __ C. Britain      __ D. Portugal      __ E. Both A and B are correct      __ F. All of the above   4) How many different kinds of birds can you see at Kruger National Park?      __ A. 13      __ B. 70      __ C. 147      __ D. 517      __ E. 1,250
Page 4     5) Why do people go on safaris?      __ A. To look at animals      __ B. To purchase diamonds      __ C. To take pictures of animals      __ D. To play with live animals      __ E. Both A and C are correct      __ F. All of the above   Vocabulary   1) A coup is…      __ A. a government takeover.      __ B. a group of people.      __ C. a colonial power.      __ D. a refugee.      __ E. Both B and C are correct.   2) A famine is …      __ A. a time without food.      __ B. a peaceful change.      __ C. a time of extreme conflict.      __ D. a family group.      __ E. a government.   3) What is starvation?      __ A. War      __ B. Hunger      __ C. Industry      __ D. Freedom      __ E. Disease   4) Where does timber come from?      __ A. Oil      __ B. Trees      __ C. Mines      __ D. Factories      __  E. None of the above     Page 5
	5) A safari is a…      __ A. trip.      __ B. tour.      __ C. search.      __ D. Both A and C are correct.       __ E. All of the above   6) If something is chaotic, it is…      __ A. carefully organized.      __ B. sick and diseased.      __ C. crazy and demented.      __ D. turbulent and disorderly.      __ E. evil and maligned.   Grammar: Possessive Nouns A possessive noun shows that a person or thing owns or possesses something.   Add an apostrophe (') and an s to a singular noun to make it possessive.      Examples: Liza's bag, Frances's book   Add an apostrophe (') to a plural noun that ends with an s to make it possessive.       Example: the children's toys   Add an apostrophe (') and an s to form the possessive of a plural noun that doesn’t end with an s.     Example: the students' classroom   A. Put the apostrophes where needed in the following sentences.    1. We dislike our brothers-in-law.    2. Michaels job is to wash the dirty clothes.    3. Roberts job is to help tape the boxes.    4. The students reports sounded beautiful.     5. Aunt Marys flight arrived late.    6. Dads red mug is a keepsake.    7. The teachers association meets Wednesday.
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	B. Rewrite the sentence fragments using possessive nouns.       1. the toy of the boy    __________________________________________________________________________________________      2. the pen that belongs to Sam    __________________________________________________________________________________________      3. the car of the family    __________________________________________________________________________________________     A. Circle the subject and underline the predicate in each of the following sentences.    1.  Billy goes to school every day.    2. The movie theater is in downtown.    3. The dog is thirsty.    4. The bus stops next to the train station.    5. Henry has a large backpack.    6. Dad treasures his blue car.     B. Circle the singular nouns. Cross out the plural nouns.    women                            cities                                 town    aunt                                 cake                                  children    planes                             boxes                                farm    dishes                             bean                                  kid           city                                   tears                                  cousins    families                           uncle                                  cars
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	C. Write the possessive nouns in the following sentences.    ______________ 1. Richards's choice for dinner is a can of spinach.    ______________ 2. Bobby's phone is neat!                                              ______________ 3. Mom's job is cleaning at a large cottage.    ______________ 4. Our cousin's car is in the garage.    ______________ 5. The neighbor's chicken farm is very small.    ______________ 6. The students' classroom is very dark.     D. Write a paragraph about your relationship with your family.      Underline the subject of each of the sentences once and the predicate twice.      Circle the nouns and classify them as singular, plural, or possessive.   ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
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	Writing: Paraphrasing Paraphrasing is a writing process in which we rewrite information from a source in our own words. It is the process of rewording, rephrasing, or restating information provided by a story, an essay, an article, or any other publication. This process exercises our creativity with thoughts and words. Sometimes, copying a text word by word may seem easy and quick. However, paraphrasing allows us to reflect on and analyze the information to make it our own. It also allows you to add new information and criticize it constructively.       Example:       Original: Mom does not like the idea of Mike and Janice being alone without an adult, and that in large part   is why she has invited Uncle Lou to come for a visit.       Paraphrase: Mike and Janice's mother do not want to leave her children alone. She thinks that they should stay with a responsible adult to take care of them. Because of this, she invited their Uncle Lou, to help them.   Reread the story "Safari Continent." Choose one sentence from the story and paraphrase it.    Original: ___________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    Paraphrase: ________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________   Drafting Read the following text from the story "Safari Continent," and paraphrase it.      People visit Africa because the landscape is beautiful and there are many animals in Africa. Many tourists visit Kruger National Park in South Africa. The park has 517 species of birds! The park also has 147 species of mammals! The park even has webcams so people can watch the animals using their computer. Some tourists go on safari in Africa.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________   Editing Reread what you wrote. Make sure that your rewriting is satisfactory and that it expresses what you wish to say. If there are any errors, correct them. Make sure that each sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period. You may also change anything you wish, like words or opinions.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________   Proofreading Write a final version of what you wrote. Reread it to make sure that all of the necessary corrections were made.    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________
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	Publishing    Share your paragraph with your classmates.   Review A. Mark the sentences that best explain what a story is.    __ 1. A story is a brief fictional narrative written in prose.    __ 2. Stories provide definitions of very specific concepts.    __ 3. Stories always have a plot and a beginning, middle, and end.    __ 4. Stories have rhythm and rhyme.   B. Write sentences that correspond to each kind of point of view.    1. First person  ______________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________      2. Second person   ___________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________          3. Third person, limited ________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________        4. Third person, omniscient   ____________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________   C. Mark the narrator's point of view in the story "Safari Continent" Explain your choice.    __ 1. first person    __ 2. third person, limited    __ 3. second person    __ 4. third person, omniscient      Explain:  ___________________________________________________________________________________    __________________________________________________________________________________________   D. Complete the word series. Circle the synonyms and underline the antonyms.    1. dark, bright; night,              __________                          2. gigantic, huge, large,         __________    3. tiny, small; short,                __________    4. tall, short; big,                     __________    5. laugh, cry; happy,               __________    6. obscure, somber, black,   __________    7. old, young; adult,                __________             8. excited, cheerful, joyful,     __________
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